Electronics

Electronics differ from electrical science and technology the distinction started around 1906 ad until 1950 this field is called radio technology. Electrical engineering is considered to deal with the problems associated with large-scale electrical systems such as power transmission and motor control, whereas electronic engineering deals with the study of small-scale electronic systems including computers and integrated circuits.] Alternatively, electrical engineers are usually concerned with using electricity to transmit energy, while electronic engineers are concerned with using electricity to transmit information. Radio is the transmission of signals by modulation of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below those of visible light. Radio became more useful after the invention of electronic devices.

Passive components and active components are the two major components of electronics. Passive components are those that do not have gain or directionality. In the Electrical industry they are called Electrical elements or electrical components. Active components are those that have gain or directionality, in contrast to passive components, which have neither. They include semiconductor devices and vacuum tubes (valves). Components are intended to be connected together, usually by soldering to a printed circuit board.

Electronic waste is a growing problem worldwide. One problem that fuels the electronic waste boom is the constant release of new products into the consumer stream. Making it easy for people to replace their stuff. By reusing or recycling it helps to stop the hazardous materials such as lead, mercury, arsenic and many more to enter the environment which is very beneficial to the human health. If you're really done with that old electronic stuff consider donating it. As the world starts to embrace recycling and learns about the environmental costs of dumping electronic waste and haphazard recycling techniques, more companies are feeling pressure from individuals and organizations to make their operations more environmentally friendly

Oil and Gas 

Oil and gas is a collective term that refers to liquid and gas hydrocarbons extracted from the subsurface. The term oil and gas may refer to crude oil, Hydrocarbon exploration, and Natural gas. Petroleum is very important to many industries in maintaining the developed society itself thus it is a serious apprehension for many countries. Some petroleum industry operations have been responsible for water pollution, through by-products of refining, and oil spills. The combustion of fossil fuels produces greenhouse gases and other air pollutants as by-products. Pollutants include nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, volatile organic compounds and heavy metals.  As petroleum is a non-renewable natural resource the industry is faced with an inevitable eventual depletion of the world's oil supply.

Gas and oil companies are recently experiencing crisis that may lead to loss and lead to downsizing because the drop in energy prices from last year’s highs reduced profits and led the company to scale back its investments in renewable energy. Petroleum industries are divided into five sectors the Upstream, Downstream, Pipeline, Marine and Service and Supply. Upstream is the exploration or the development and production of crude oil and natural gas. While Downstream is the oil tankers, refiners, retailers and consumers.  As petroleum is a non-renewable natural resource the industry is faced with an inevitable eventual depletion of the world's oil supply.

Oil price hike is affecting many countries and the reason for the rising of the oil price is deteriorating U.S dollar, the exploratory trades, the range positioning of funds and the attacks in Nigeria oil installation. As we all know Nigeria is Africa’s largest oil producer that imports oil to the U.S that’s why the turmoil in Nigeria affects the United States more than the other countries.

 Alternative Energy

Alternative energy is usable energy derived from replenish able sources such as the sun (solar energy), wind (wind power), rivers (hydroelectric power), hot springs (geothermal energy) and many more. World’s energy supply was derived from fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Fossil fuels are finite resources. Fossil fuel combustion has a number of negative environmental consequences. Fossil-fueled power plants emit air pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, and toxic chemicals (heavy metals: mercury, chromium, and arsenic), and mobile sources, such as fossil-fueled vehicles, emit nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter. Exposure to these pollutants can cause heart disease, asthma, and other human health problems. In addition, emissions from fossil fuel combustion are responsible for acid rain, which has led to the acidification of many lakes and consequent damage to aquatic life, leaf damage in many forests, and the production of smog in or near many urban areas. Furthermore, the burning of fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the main greenhouse gases that cause global warming.

Many countries today are in agreement to work together to end the restriction of trade and to raise the two – sided trade between countries. Brazil as the leading country in using and producing ethanol is using sugarcane as their staple food or source. Philippines is a country that sugarcane is the main crops is still on the process in mounting their campaign on bioethanol. Philippines pass a law that mandates the mixing of biofuels to the gasoline and diesel being sold at retail pumps. Since bioethanol is produced from agricultural crops such as sugarcane, cassava or corn, any CO2 release due to ethanol use in transport is neutralized by the source plants’ natural uptake of CO2 from the atmosphere. This is more widely known through its technical terminology of a neutral or closed — carbon loop, and the environmental benefits are evaluated from a total life-cycle perspective or from "well-to-wheels."